CHM-01

Ideal gas law

p V = n R T. The pedagogical thermal equation of state.

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Equation of stateClapeyron 1834

Governing equation

pV=nRT

where

n: Amount (mol)
T: Temperature (K)
V: Volume (L)
p: Pressure (kPa)

Lecture brief

Historical brief

Ideal-gas law, van ’t Hoff, Nernst, Michaelis–Menten and Clausius–Clapeyron are physical chemistry’s working equations of equilibrium and rate. The lab is pressure, potential and kinetics. This sheet (CHM-01 — Ideal gas law) is the form associated with Clapeyron 1834. Working symbols: $n$ , $T$ , $V$ $\rightarrow$ $p$ . Point masses with no interactions. Real gases recover this limit at low density.

Purpose

Purpose: compute

p

from

n

T

V

in Physical chemistry via

pV=nRT

p V = n R T. The pedagogical thermal equation of state. Use it when a real physical chemistry question must be answered in SI before a code check.

Live realistic example

In symbols

Live case. Given

n = 1.000\,\mathrm{mol}

T = 298.000\,\mathrm{K}

V = 24.000\,\mathrm{L}

, the governing relation

pV=nRT

yields

p = 103.24\,\mathrm{kPa}

. Closed sample; R = 8.314 J/(mol·K). Volume in litres gives p in kPa. Move a slider: the numbers are this situation, not a canned story.

Calculator

Inputs

Amount n1 molTemperature T298 KVolume V24 L

Outputs

Pressure p103.24 kPa

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Narration of this film

Closed sample; R = 8.314 J/(mol·K). Volume in litres gives p in kPa.

Point masses with no interactions. Real gases recover this limit at low density.

Reading speed

Watch on YouTube